Relación entre afecto ecológico, conciencia, conocimiento y comportamiento de compra: un estudio sobre los consumidores mexicanos

Relation among ecological affect, concern, and knowledge and purchase behavior: a study regarding Mexican consumers

Contenido principal del artículo

Emigdio Larios-Gómez
Laura Fischer

Resumen

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la sostenibilidad y el desarrollo social, en la búsqueda de la relación entre los constructos: Afecto Ecológico (EA), Conciencia Ecológica (EC) y Conocimiento Ecológico (EK) y el comportamiento de compra verde (GPB) en los consumidores —como un único campo de aplicación, que no debe analizarse para empresas, personas públicas, lugares o marcas—. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo cuantitativo en una muestra de 1.550 consumidores —válidos 96%— elegidos según el criterio de conveniencia —hombres y mujeres entre 21 y 55 años—, realizado en el primer semestre de 2015 en México, en los estados de Puebla, Tlaxcala, Guanajuato, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco y Querétaro, con la aplicación personal de cuestionarios utilizando la escala de Likert. En cuanto a la medición de variables dependientes e independientes, se utilizaron las diversas subescalas que componen la escala revisada de actitudes y conocimiento ambiental (EAKS) de Maloney et al. (1975).
Como resultado se encontró que el consumidor en México presenta una actitud positiva hacia la compra de productos orgánicos e incluso está dispuesto a dejar de comprar a aquellas empresas que contaminan.

Palabras clave:

Detalles del artículo

Referencias (VER)

Aman, A. L., Harun, A., & Hussein, Z. (2012). The influence of environmental knowledge and concern on green purchase intention the role of attitude as a mediating variable. British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 7(2), 145-167.

Arbuthnot, J. & Lingg, S. (1975). A Comparison of French and American Environmental Behaviours, Knowledge and Attitudes. International Journal of Psychology, 10 (4), 275-281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00207597508247339

Artaraz, M. (2002). Teoría de las tres dimensiones de desarrollo sostenible. Ecosistemas, 2, 133-142.

Bedante, G. N., & Slongo, L. A. (2004). O Comportamento de Consumo e suas Relações com a Consciência Ambiental e a Intenção de Compra de Produtos Ecologicamente Embalados. Anais do EMA – Encontro de Marketing. Atibaia, SP: Anpad.

Bur, A. (2013). Marketing sustentable. Utilización del marketing sustentable en la industria textil y de la indumentaria. Centro de Estudios en Diseño y Comunicación. Ensayos, (45), 133-142.

Callenbach, E., Capra, F., Goldman, L., Lutz, R., & Marburg, S. (1993). Gerenciamento Ecológico EcoManagement: Guia do Instituto Elmwood de auditoria ecológica e negócios sustentáveis. São Paulo: EditoraCultrix.

Calvelo-Ríos, J. M. (2001). Desarrollo: comunicación, información y capacitación. Runa (Instituto de Investigación en Comunicación para el Desarrollo), 6. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/31iv8zK

Chan, R. Y. K., Wong, Y. H., & Leung, T. K. (2008). Applying Ethical Concepts to the Study of ''Green'' Consumer Behavior: An Analysis of Chinese Consumers_ Intentions to Bring their Own Shopping Bags. Journal of Business Ethics, (79), 469-481. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9410-8

Chan, R. Y. K. & Lau, L. B. Y. (2000). Antecedents of green purchases: a survey in China. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 17(4), 338-357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760010335358

Chen, T. B. & Chai, L. T. (2010). Attitude towards the Environment and Green Products: Consumers' Perspective. Management Science and Engineering, 4(2), 27-39.

Chitra, K. (2007). In search of the green consumers: A perceptual study. Journal of Service Research, 7(1), 173-191.

Coakes, S. J., Steed, L., & Ong, C. (2009). SPSS Version 16.0 for Windows. Analysis Without Anguish. Australia: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Coddington, W. (1993). Environmental marketing: positive strategies for reaching the green consumer. New York: McGraw- Hill.

Cortéz, A. (2001). Desarrollo sustentable, pobreza y calidad de vida. Ambientico, 92, 18-21.

Da Silva-Tamashiro, H. R., Merlo, E. M., Gómez, E. L., & Junior, S. S. B. (2016). Sustainability and social development: A look from the perspective of consumer green consumer behavior. Revista Espacios, 37(21), 23.

D'Souza, C., Taghian, M., & Khosla, R. (2007). Examination of environmental beliefs and its impact on the influence of price, quality and demographic characteristics with respect to green purchase intention. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 15(2), 69-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jt.5750039

Dispoto, R. G. (1977). Interrelationships Among Measures of Environmental Activity, Emotionality, and Knowledge. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 37(2), 451-459.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447703700220

Dunlap, R. E., & Van L. K. D. (1978). The "new environmental paradigm": a proposed measuring instruments and preliminary results. The Journal of Environmental Education, (9), 10-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1978.10801875

Elkington, J., & Hailes, J. (1989). The Green Consumer Guide: from shamppo to champagne – high-street shopping for a better environment. London: Victor Gollancz Ltda.

Firat, F. A., Dholakia, N., & Venkatesh, A. (1995). Marketing in a postmodern world. European Journal of Marketing, 2(1), 40-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090569510075334

Fraj, A., & Martínez, S. (2005). El nivel de conocimiento medioambiental como factor moderador de la relación entre la actitud y el comportamiento ecológico. Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, 11(1), 223-243.

Fraj, E. & Martínez, E. (2002). Comportamiento del Consumidor Ecológico. Madrid: ESIC Editorial.

GEO5 – Global Environment Outlook. (2014). Environment for the future we want.

Gilg, A., Barr, S., & Ford, N. (2005). Green consumption or sustainable lifestyles? Identifying the sustainable consumer. Futures, 37(6), 481–504.

Gladwin, T. N., Kennelly, J. J., & Krause, T. S. (1995). Shifting paradigms for sustainable development: implications for management theory and research. Academy of Management Review, 20(4), 874-907. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9512280024

Grunert, S. C. & Kristensen, K. (1992). The Green Consumer: Some Danish Evidence. XXI Annual Conference of The European Marketing Academy Proceedings, Aarhus, 26-29.

Harrison, R., Newholm, T., & Shaw, D. (2005). The Ethical Consumer. London: SAGE Publications.

Hart, S. L. (1997). Strategies for a sustainable world. Harvard Business Review, 75(1), 66-77.

Hart, S. & Milstein, M. (2003). Creating sustainable value. Academy of management executive, 17(2), 56-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2003.10025194

Hartmann, P., Forcada, F. J., & Apaolaza, V. (2004). Superando los límites medioambientales de la empresa: un estudio experimental del efecto del posicionamiento ecológico en la actitud hacia la marca. Cuadernos de Gestión. 4(1), 83-95.

Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R., & Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and Synthesis of Research on Responsible Environmental Behaviour: A Meta-Analysis. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18 (2), 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1987.9943482

Hoffman, A. J. (2000). Environmental and Social Issues into Corporate Practice. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 42(5), 22-33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00139150009604887

Jennings, P. D., & Zandbergen, P. A. (1995). Ecologically Sustainable Organizations: an Institutional Approach. Academy of Management Review, 20(4), 1015-1052. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9512280034

Kaiser, F., Ranney, M., Hartig, T., & Bowler, P. A. (1999). Ecological Behavior, Environmental Attitude, and Feelings of Responsibility for the Environment. EuropeanPsychologist, 4(2), 59-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1027//1016-9040.4.2.59

Kaiser, F., Wölfing, S., & Fuhrer, U. (1999). Environmental Attitude and Ecological Behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 1-19.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1998.0107 https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1998.0107

Karsaklian, E. (2008). Comportamento do consumidor (2nd Ed). São Paulo: Atlas. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224297103500310

Kassarjian, H. H. (1971). Incorporating Ecology into Marketing Strategy: The Case of Air Pollution. Journal of Marketing, 35(3), 61-65.

Kinnear, T. C. & Taylor, J. R. (1973). The effect of ecological concern on brand perceptions. Journal of Marketing Research, 191-197. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377301000210

Kinnear, T. C., & Taylor, J. R., & Ahmed, S. A. (1974). Ecologically Concerned Consumers: Who are They? Journal of Marketing, 38(2), 20-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224297403800205

Kotchen, M. J. & Reiling, S. D. (2000). Environmental Attitudes, Motivations and Contingent Valuation of Nonuse Values: a Case of Study Involving Endangered Species. Ecological Economics, 32(1), 93-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(99)00069-5

Larios-Gómez, E. & Fischer, V. L. E. (2016). The New Mexican Consumer. IV International Congress of Research in Administrative Sciences. Pachuca, Hidalgo, Memories.

Laskova, A. (2007). Perceived Consumer Effectiveness and Environmental Concerns. Proceedings of the 13th Asia Pacific Management Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 206-209.

Lee, T. H., Jan, F. H., & Yang, C. C. (2013). Conceptualizing and measuring environmentally responsible behaviors from the perspective of community-based tourists. Tourism Management, 36(1), 454-468. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.012

Lipovetsky, G. (2007). A felicidade paradoxal: ensaio sobre a sociedade de hiperconsumo. São Paulo: Companhia das letras.

Maloney, M. P. & Ward, M. P. (1973). Ecology: let's hear from the people: an objective scale for the measurement of ecological attitudes and knowledge. American Psychologist, 583-586. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0034936

Maloney, M. P., Ward, M. P., & Braucht, G. N. (1975). Psychology in action: a revised scale for the measurement of ecological attitudes and knowledge. American Psychologist, 787-792. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0084394

Martin, B. & Simintiras, A. C. (1995). The impact of green product lines on the environment: does what they know affect how they feel? Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 13(4), 16-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02634509510088991

Mendes, J. M. (2009). Dimensões da sustentabilidade. Revista das Faculdades Santa Cruz, 7(2), 49-59.

Moser, A. K. (2015). Thinking green, buying green? Drivers of pro-environmental purchasing behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 32(3), 1-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-10-2014-1179

Mostafa, M. M. (2007). A hierarchical analysis of the green consciousness of the Egyptian consumer. Psychology & Marketing, 24(5), 445-473. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20168

Orozco-Abundis, M., Cortes-Lamas, A., González, M., & Gracia-Villar, S. (2003). Ecological marketing: consumer attitude towards organic products,. 1041-1050. Pamplona: CIIP.

Ottman, J. (1992). Environmentalism Will Be the Trend of the '90s. Marketing News, 26(25), 13,

Ottman, J. (1993). Green marketing challenges and opportunities for the new marketing age. Chicago: NTC Business Books.

Ottman, J. A. (2012). As Novas Regras do Marketing Verde: estratégias, ferramentas e inspiração para o branding sustentável. São Paulo: M. Boos do Brasil Editora Ltda.

Portilho, F. (2005). Sustentabilidade Ambiental, Consumo e Cidadania. São Paulo: Cortez.

Ramírez, D. (2013). The Green Pages: guide to sustainable consumption. Obtenido de Dinero en Imagen. Retrived from https://bit.ly/31fNVLX

Ramírez-Vázquez, I. A., Ochoa-Olivares, M. J., Martínez-Guel, A. M., & Ríos-González, J. E. (2016). Impact of social marketing on business and consumer in Mexico. Vinculategica Revistas/R2, 2(1), 1024-1039.

Rossi, J. P. (2012). Trends in Sustainability. Retrieved from Consultant's website J.P. Rossi & Asocs. Retrived from https://bit.ly/2Xz93KO

Sachs, I. (2000). Caminhos para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Rio de Janeiro: Garamond.

Sánchez, M., Gil, J. M., & Gracia, A. (1998). Brakes to the growth of the ecological market: the price or attitude towards the environment? Revista Española de Investigación de Marketing ESIC, 103-114.

Schahn, J. & Holzer, E. (1990). Studies of Individual Environmental Concern: The Role of Knowledge, Gender, and Background Variables. Environment and Behavior, 22(6), 767-786. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916590226003

Schiffman, L. & Kanuk, L. (2000). Comportamento do consumidor. Rio de Janeiro: LTC.

Schouten, J. W. (1991). Selves in transition: symbolic consumption in personal rites of passage and identity reconstruction. The Journal of Consumer Research, 17(4), 412-425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/208567

Selvanathan, A., Selvanathan, S., Keller, G., & Warrack, B. (2004). Australian Business Statistics (3rd ed.). Australia: Thomson.

Stone, G., Barnes, J. H., & Montgomery, C. (1995). ECOSCALE: A Scale for the Measurement of Environmentally Responsible Consumers. Psychology and Marketing, 12(7), 595-612. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.4220120704

Straughan, R. & Roberts, J. (1999). Environmental segmentation alternatives: a look at green consumer behavior in the new millennium. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 16(6), 558-575. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/07363769910297506

Tanner, C. & Kast, S. W. (2003). Promoting Sustainable Consumption: Determinants of Green Purchases by Swiss Consumers. Psychology & Marketing, 20(10), 883-902. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.10101

TNS Global (2013). The green disconnect Consumer attitudes and behaviours in the EU. Recuperado de https://bit.ly/2ZgSd43

Trujillo-León, A. & Vera-Martínez, J. (2011). El consumo verde en México: Conocimiento, actitud y comportamiento. México: ANFECA.

WCED. (1987). World Commission on Environment and Development. Our common Future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Whitford, M. M. & Ruhanen, L. N. (2010). Australian indigenous tourism policy: practical and sustainable policies? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(4), 475-496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669581003602325

Zimmer, M. R., Stafford, T. F., & Stafford, M. R. (1994). Green Issues: Dimensions of Environmental Concern. Journal of Business Research. 30(1), 63-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(94)90069-8

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citado por