Evaluación in vivo del efecto terapéutico de nanopartículas cargadas con insulina en un modelo experimental en ratas Wistar
In vivo evaluation of the therapeutic effect of insulin-loaded nanoparticles in an experimental model in Wistar rats
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Resumen
El desarrollo de sistemas de liberación controlada basados en nanopartículas poliméricas constituye una estrategia clave para la administración de compuestos de interés farmacéutico, como la insulina. El quitosano, un polímero derivado de la quitina, por su biocompatibilidad y versatilidad, representa una plataforma prometedora; sin embargo, los métodos tradicionales de síntesis generan una alta dispersión en las propiedades fisicoquímicas, lo que limita su aplicación terapéutica. En este estudio se prepararon nanopartículas de quitosano de bajo peso molecular mediante modificaciones al método de gelación iónica, para el cual se utilizó como agente entrecruzante el tripolifosfato de sodio (TPP) y Eudragit ® L100-55 como recubrimiento entérico, con la finalidad de optimizar su desempeño y la entrega de insulina humana recombinante vía oral. Las nanopartículas presentaron un tamaño promedio de 299,86±21,33 nm, un índice de polidispersión (PDI) de 0,28 ± 0,05 y un potencial zeta de -24,93±1,10 mV, con morfología ovoide uniforme, confirmada por TEM. Se evidenció que el sistema tuvo una disminución importante en los niveles de glucosa sérica en un ensayo piloto in vivo en ratas Wistar.
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